Road working machine



Jan. 18, 1944. v. H. REISSER' 2,339,513

/ ROAD WORKING MACHINE Filed June 5, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I In v er t 0 r Z/crrzarz 7i. Passer Jan. 18, 1944. v. H. REISSER ROAD WORKING MACHINE Filed June 5, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 18, 1944. v. H. REI$SER ROAD WORKING MACHINE Filed June' 5, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet I5 n wen-for- Uernorz Rainer Jan. 18, 1944. v. H. REISSER ROAD WORKING MACHINE Filed June 5 1941 4' Sheets-Sheet 4 3nventor attorney Patented Jan. l8, 1944 7 UNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE I Roan wo afisr i mcmnn Vernon H. Reisser, Omaha, Nebr. Applicat on une (c1: 37ejal12 :0. 39

14 Claims.

My invention relates to road working machines and has as its object to provide a machine that is adapted to function either as a road grader or as a hauling scraper. More specifically the invention aims to provide a machine combining a hauling scraper with a road grader in a position wherein it does not interfere with the normal grading functions of the machine and where in the operations of the scraper are clearly visible to the operator stationed at the rearof the machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide for power operation of both grader and scraper function under control exercised at the operators station at the rear of the machine. In a specific aspect, the invention aims to provide a machine wherein the normal motive power and controls of a conventional road grading machine may be utilized for'operating the scraper. To this end, the invention contemplates an arrangement wherein a scraper scoop is attached to the forward end of a road grading machine in place of the conventional scarifier, is carried by a Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of the type indicated, wherein the power unit is adapted to function either for maintaining the scoop in scraping contact with the ground or for elevating the scoop for carrying or dumping. A further object is to provide for tilting the scoop from a carrying to a dumping position and for returning the scoop to a loading position without the use of complicated actuating and control mechanism. In this respect, the invention contemplates an arrangement wherein the scoop is biased toward its discharge position at all times and is maintained in load carrying position byTeleasable latch mechanism, release of the latch serving to cause the scoop to be tilted to discharge position.

In attaining the preceding object, the invention contemplates utilizing the depression of the scoop frame or carriage as the means for returning the scoop to loading position against the compression of springs that function, when the latch is released, to move the scoop from carrying'to dumping position. In this operation, the edge of the scoop is fulcrumed against the groundwhile downward pressure is applied to the carriage to force the rear region of the scoop downwardly.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a road working machine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a viewv of the scoop in load carrying position. the discharge position being indicated in dotted lines; 7

Fig. 3 is a view of the scoop in bulldozing position;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a modified form V of the invention;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of a still further modified form of the invention; and

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of a road working machine embodying the preferred form of the invention.

As an example of one form in which the invention may be embodied, I have shown in the drawings the forward region. of a. road grader of a well known type embodying a longitudinal frame member 10 having at its forward end a leg ll extending downwardly and attached to an axle I2 supported on steerable front wheels I3. A grader blade I is carried on a sub frame l5 which in turn is supported by links l6 connected at their upper ends to gearing units I! by means of which the blade may be manipulated vertically. The sub frame l5 includes a drawbar l8 which has at its forward end a draft connection with the leg ll.

The grader is provided at its forward end with opposed pivot bosses I9 to which the scarifier, indicated in broken lines at 20 in Fig. 1, is

normally pivoted. Carried on the frame member I0 above the scarifier, is a power unit, indicated generally at 2|, by means of which the scarifier may be raised and lowered. The unit 2| comprises reduction gearing 22 carried in brackets 23 attached to the frame member I, and having a driven shaft 24 on which are secured crank arms 25. The arms 25 are connected to the scarifier by links 26.

In the present invention the scarifier 20 is detached and the pivot bosses l9 are utilized for attaching a scoop can'iage 21 to the grader. The power unitll is utilized for manipulating the scoop when thus attached. The carriage 21 (Fig. 6) comprises a yoke 28 in which the scoop 29 is pivoted. To the rear of the yoke 28 a pair of arms are rigidly atta'ched as by welding. The arms 30 extend rearwardiy and are formed with ears 3| which are pivoted to the bosses l8. To the rear ends of the arms 80 are pivoted at 82 the lower ends of links 280 the upperends of which are pivoted at 38 to the ends 01 the cranks 25.

I'he scoop 29 includes a bottom wall 84, a rear wall 35, end walls 88 and a cutting edge 81. To the end walls 88 are secured brackets 88, to which the side arms of the yoke 28 are pivoted as at 38. a 1

To the rear wall 85 is secured a latch detent (Fig. 3). A latch bolt 4|, slidably mounted in brackets 42 secured to the transverse member of the yoke 28, is urged by a spring 48 toward a position in which it may coast with the detent 48 in latching the scoop 28 to the yoke 28 in the loading or load carrying position of the scoop with reference to the yoke. In the load carrying position, which is shown in full lines in Fig. 2, the scoop'is elevated for transporting a load. The same position of the scoop with reference to the carriageis shown in full lines in Fig. 1, wherein the scoop is shown in loading position with reference to the ground, the latter being indicated at 44.

The latch 4| is adapted to be released by a pull cable attached to its rear end and extending rearwardly to the operators station for manipulation by the operator. When the latch is released the scoop will tilt to-the discharge position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. In the preferred form of the invention the tilting is accomplished by a pair of tilting devices each including a rod 48 one end of which is pivoted at 41 to an ear 48 on the yoke 28 and the other end of which is slidably extended through a bracket 48 secured to an end wall88 of the scoop. A com- I asaasie grader frame, and a piston rod 84 having at one end a piston 88 slidable in the cylinder 82 and at its other end a pivotal connection 88 with the scoop. The carriage 21b is pivoted at its rear end to the frame H.

The scoop is restrained against tilting beyond its bulldozing position by the stop lugs 81. The lugs 81 are adapted to support the scoop in bulldozlng position under the opposed forces of the forward push applied through the carriage to the pivots 38, and the resistance of the material being moved by the scoop.

The function of the lugs Ill may be performed by other means such as the stop nuts 88 on the ends of the rods 48 (Fig. 4) or the brackets 88,

adapted to coact with extensions 88 of the yoke side arms (Fig. 8).

Fig. 8 shows an arrangement wherein the scoop is adapted to tilt from load carrying to go dumping position without; the assistance of springs. In order to accomplish this, the pivots 88a are positioned rearwardly of the normal center of gravity of'the scoop, irrespective of elevation.

-' The arrangement shown in Fig. '7 provides for additional scoop elevation. This is achieved by employing a longer carriage 21c and pivoting the rear region thereof to the frame as at 8|c. The power unit is linked to the intermediate 80 region ofthe carriage at 320. The elevation that may be attained in this form of the invention is shown in dotted lines. It permits the shovel to :be lifted to a position whereinits contents may be discharged into a truck.

as Fig. 9 shows a latch operating arrangement pression spring 88 encircles the rod 48 between the ear 48 and the bracket 48 and is adapted to be compressed between the two when the scoop is latched to the carriage.

Upon release of the latch, the springs 88 will act against the brackets 48 to tilt the scoop to dumping position. When this position is reached, the scoop will be restrained from further tilting movement by contact of theside arms of the yoke 28 with stops 81 on the brackets 38.

With the scoop in dumping position, the carriage may be lowered until the edge of the scoop contacts the. ground, in which position, shown in Fig. 3, it is adapted to function for bulldozing operations. When it is desired to return-the scoop to load carrying position the forward region of the carriage 21 is moved further downwardly, forcing the rear region of the scoop downwardly until it is engaged and secured by the latch 4|. Dining this movement the brackets 48 engage the springs 50 and compress them.

It may now be noted that the power unit 2| is adapted to function both for elevating the scoop and its load and for forcing the scoop downwardly against the ground so as to execute the retraction of the scoop to loading position against the resistance of the tilting devices. This characteristic is taken advantage of to for returning the scoop to loading position.

that the invention contemplates for use in connection with any of the precedingforms of the invention. It provides for utilization of the power of scoop elevation to release the latch. To the 40 carriage 21d is fulcrumed, at 8|, a lever 82 the lower end of which is pivoted at 88 to the rear end of the latch bolt 4|. To the leg ll of the grader frame a trigger 84 is pivoted at 88. The upper arm 88 of the trigger 84 is normally main- 46 tained by a spring 81 in a raised position wherein the lever 82 may clear it as the carriage swings upwardly. When it is desired to release the latch, thetrigger is pivoted by means of a control rod 88 connected to the depending arm 88 of the trigger, such pivoting causing the arm 88 to swing downwardly to 'a position wherein it is contacted by the upper end of the lever 82 as -the carriage is elevated. Further elevation of the carriage will cause the latch bolt to be retracted by the lower end of the lever 82. 1

In the preferred form of the invention shown in Fig. 10, the construction is the same as that shown in Fig. l, with the exception of the latch mechanism, which is the mine as that shown in Fig. 9. The reference characters used to desig-.

nate these parts are the same as thereference characters that designate corresponding part in the other two figures.

I claim: 1. In a power shovel, a propelling vehicle, a

scoop, a carriage pivoted to the vehicle, pro- Although the invention contemplates the utilization of a power unit already existent in certain types of graders, it may also be utilized in a grader that is not supplied with such a power unit. In such a case. I provide, as shown in Fig. 5, a two way action fluid motor 8| comprising a cylinder 52 linked at 83 to the forward arm ll of the- 78' jecting forwardly therefrom and pivoted at its forward end to the scoop for transmitting thrust thereto from the vehicle, for permitting the scoop to tilt from a load carrying to a dumping position, and for elevating the scoop, power means for giving vertical swinging movement to the carriage, resilient means acting between the carriage and the scoop to urge the scoop from load carrying to dumping position, said resilient means aasasie carriage projecting forwardly therefrom, a

scoop supported by the carriage and pivoted thereto for tilting movement from a load carrying position to a dumping position and vice versa. a tilting device comprising a rod pivoted to said carriage and a compression spring through which said rod extends, a bracket on the scoop through which said rod eXtenda-said spring being com-.

pressed between said bracket and the carriage when the scoop is in load carrying position and being adapted to move the scoop to dumping position when the scoop is released for such movement, and means for latching the scoop in load carrying position with the said spring under compression.

3. A power shovel as defined in claim 2, wherein the scoop is pivoted to the carriage through the medium of brackets secured to the carriage, with lugs formed on said brackets and serving as stops to limit the tilting movement of the scoop relative to the carriage and to transmit thrust from the carriage to the scoop when the latter is in dumping position whereby the scoop may be utilized for bulldozing operations.

4. A power shovel as defined in claim 2, wherein the rear region of the carriage is pivoted to the frame and including power means mounted on the frame and connected to the carriage for imparting vertical movement thereto.

5. A power shovel as defined in claim 2, including power means for imparting vertical movement to the scoop, said power means comprising a hydraulic motor one end of which is pivoted to the vehicle and the other end of which is pivoted to the carriage.

6. A power shovel as defined in claim 1, including means for power release of the latching means, said releasing means comprising a lever fulcrumed on the carriage and pivoted at its lower end to the latching means, and manually adjustable trigger means carried by the vehicle, said trigger means being adjustable from a position wherein it is engaged by said lever when the carriage swings upwardly for releasing the latching means to a position wherein it is cleared by the lever so as to permit the latching means to remain latched.

7. In a combined hauling scraper and bulldozer, a propelling vehicle, a carriage projecting scoop, a carriage pivoted to the vehicle, projectforwardly therefrom'and pivoted thereto for ver- I tical movement, a scoop pivoted to the forward region of the carriage on a horizontal transverse axis for swinging movement from a load carrying position to a dumping position, said dumping position becoming a bulldozing position when the scoop is lowered into contact with the earth, stop means acting between the carriage and the scoop when the latter is in said dumping or bulldozing position for preventing movement of the scoop beyond said position said stop means being adapted to take the thrust of the scoop during bulldozing operations, means for latching the scoop'to the carriage in load carrying position, resilient means acting between the scoop and the carriage to urge the scoop from load carrying to dumping position when said latching means is released, said resilient means being loaded by movement of the scoop from dumping to load carrying position, and means for swinging the carriage soas to elevatethescoonsaidlastmeans being eii'ective also for applying downward pressure to the scoop for maintaining it in loading position and for tilting it from bulldozing to loading position while the forward region of the scoop is fulcrumed against the ground, whereby to load said resilient means.

8. In a power shovel, a propelling vehicle, a

ing forwardly therefrom and pivoted at its forward end to the scoop for transmitting thrust thereto from the vehicle, for permitting the scoop to tilt from a load carrying to a dumping position and vice versa, and for elevating the scoop, power means for giving vertical swinging movement to the carriage, means for latching the scoop to the carriage in load carrying position, the scoop being adapted to move from load carrying to dumping position when the latch is released, and means for power release of the latching means, said releasing means'comprising a lever fulcrumed on the carriage and operatively connected to the latching means, and manually adjustable trigger means carried by the vehicle, said trigger means being adjustable from a position wherein it is engaged by said lever when the carriage swings upwardly for releasing the latching means, to a position wherein it is cleared by the lever so as to permit the latching means to remain latched. p

9. A power shovel as defined in claim 8, including control means extending to the operators station for adjusting said trigger means.

10. In a hauling scraper, a propelling vehicle, a scoop, a carriage pivoted to' the vehicle, pro-" jecting forwardly and pivoted at its forward end to the scoop for transmitting thrust thereto from the vehicle, for permitting the scoop to tilt from its load carrying position to a dumping position and vice versa and for elevating the scoop, power means for giving vertical swinging movement to the carriage, means for latching the scoop to the carriage in load carrying position, the scoop being adapted to move from load carrying to dumping position when the latch is released, and trigger means carried by the vehicle and manually adjustable from a position wherein it is engaged by the latching means and thereby causes the latter to be released when the carriage swings upwardly, to a position wherein it is cleared by the latching means during such upward swing of the carriage, so as to permit the latching means to remain latched.

11. A hauling scraper as defined in claim 10, wherein said trigger means comprises a lever pivoted to the vehicle, a pull rod connected to the lever, extending to the operators station and adapted to move the lever to a position wherein a portion thereof projects into the path of said latching means, a stop on the vehicle to prevent movement of the lever beyond said position, and resilient means yieldingly urging the lever to its inoperative position wherein it is cleared by the latching means.

12. A power shovel as defined in claim 8, wherein said lever is pivoted to the carriage intermediate its ends, has a short arm extending downwardly and pivoted to the latching means and has a long arm extending upwardly and adapted to engage said trigger means.

13. A combined hauling scraper and bulldozer as defined in claim 7, wherein said resilient means comprises a bracket secured to the scoop and having an opening, a rod pivoted at one end to the carriage at a distance from the pivotal axis of connection of the scoop to the carriage,

through said opening and the other end thereof being free, and a coil spring compressible between said bracket and the carriage, said rod extending freely through said spring.

14. A combined hauling scraper and bulldozer comprising a propelling vehicle, .a carriage pivoted thereto for vertical movement, a scoop pivoted to said carriage for movementi'rom a load carrying position to a dumping position when the carriage is elevated, said dumping position becoming a bulldozing position when the scoop is lowered into contact with the earth, means acting between the scoop and the carriage for stopping the dumping movement of the scoop .the intermediate region oi the rod extending and for takins the thrust reaction during the bulldozing operation, means for latching the scoop to the carriage in the carrying position, resilient means acting between the carriage and the scoop to urge the scoopirom carryingtodumping position when the latching means is released,

said resilient'means :being loaded by movement oi the scoop from bulldozing to a loading position wherein the scoop is in contact with the ground along its bottom, and power means adapted to move the carriage upwardly for elevating the scoop and to move the carriage downwardly so as to tilt the scoop from bulldozing position to leading position, thereby loading the said resilient means.

VERNON H. REISSER. 

